Pregnancy

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Limited available data based on postmarketing case reports with SOMATULINE DEPOT use in pregnant women are not sufficient to determine a drug-associated risk of adverse developmental outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, decreased embryo/fetal survival was observed in pregnant rats and rabbits at subcutaneous doses 5- and 2-times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 120 mg, respectively (see Data). The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data A reproductive study in pregnant rats given 30 mg/kg of lanreotide by subcutaneous injection every 2 weeks (5 times the human dose, based on body surface area comparisons) resulted in decreased embryo/fetal survival. A study in pregnant rabbits given subcutaneous injections of 0.45 mg/kg/day (2 times the human therapeutic exposures at the maximum recommended dose of 120 mg, based on comparisons of relative body surface area) shows decreased fetal survival and increased fetal skeletal/soft tissue abnormalities.

Drug Interactions

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Cyclosporine: SOMATULINE DEPOT may decrease the absorption of cyclosporine. Dosage adjustment of cyclosporine may needed. (7.2) Bromocriptine: SOMATULINE DEPOT may increase the absorption of bromocriptine. (7.3) Bradycardia-Inducing Drugs (e.g., beta-blockers): SOMATULINE DEPOT may decrease heart rate. Dosage adjustment of the coadministered drug may be necessary. (7.3) 7.1 Insulin and Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs Lanreotide, like somatostatin and other somatostatin analogs, inhibits the secretion of insulin and glucagon. Therefore, blood glucose levels should be monitored when SOMATULINE DEPOT treatment is initiated or when the dose is altered, and antidiabetic treatment should be adjusted accordingly [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. 7.2 Cyclosporine Concomitant administration of cyclosporine with SOMATULINE DEPOT may decrease the absorption of cyclosporine, and therefore, may necessitate adjustment of cyclosporine dose to maintain therapeutic drug concentrations. [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] 7.3 Bromocriptine Limited published data indicate that concomitant administration of a somatostatin analog and bromocriptine may increase the absorption of bromocriptine [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 7.4 Bradycardia-Inducing Drugs Concomitant administration of bradycardia-inducing drugs (e.g., beta-blockers) may have an additive effect on the reduction of heart rate associated with lanreotide. Dosage adjustments of concomitant drugs may be necessary. 7.5 Drug Metabolism Interactions The limited published data available indicate that somatostatin analogs may decrease the metabolic clearance of compounds known to be metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, which may be due to the suppression of growth hormone. Since it cannot be excluded that SOMATULINE DEPOT may have this effect, avoid other drugs mainly metabolized by CYP3A4 and which have a low therapeutic index (e.g., quinidine, terfenadine). Drugs metabolized by the liver may be metabolized more slowly during SOMATULINE DEPOT treatment and dose reductions of the concomitantly administered medications should be considered [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Indications And Usage

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE SOMATULINE DEPOT is a somatostatin analog indicated for: the long-term treatment of acromegalic patients who have had an inadequate response to or cannot be treated with surgery and/or radiotherapy. (1.1) the treatment of adult patients with unresectable, well- or moderately-differentiated, locally advanced or metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) to improve progression-free survival. (1.2) the treatment of adults with carcinoid syndrome; when used, it reduces the frequency of short-acting somatostatin analog rescue therapy. (1.3) 1.1 Acromegaly SOMATULINE DEPOT is indicated for the long-term treatment of acromegalic patients who have had an inadequate response to surgery and/or radiotherapy, or for whom surgery and/or radiotherapy is not an option. The goal of treatment in acromegaly is to reduce growth hormone (GH) and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels to normal. 1.2 Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors SOMATULINE DEPOT is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable, well or moderately differentiated, locally advanced or metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) to improve progression-free survival. 1.3 Carcinoid Syndrome SOMATULINE DEPOT is indicated for the treatment of adults with carcinoid syndrome; when used, it reduces the frequency of short-acting somatostatin analog rescue therapy.

Clinical Studies

14 CLINICAL STUDIES 14.1 Acromegaly The effect of SOMATULINE DEPOT on reducing GH and IGF-levels and control of symptoms in patients with acromegaly was studied in 2 long-term, multiple-dose, randomized, multicenter studies. Study 1 This 1-year study included a 4-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase; a 16-week single-blind, fixed-dose phase; and a 32-week, open-label, dose-titration phase. Patients with active acromegaly, based on biochemical tests and medical history, entered a 12-week washout period if there was previous treatment with a somatostatin analog or a dopaminergic agonist. Upon entry, patients were randomly allocated to receive a single, deep subcutaneous injection of SOMATULINE DEPOT 60, 90, or 120 mg or placebo. Four weeks later, patients entered a fixed-dose phase where they received 4 injections of SOMATULINE DEPOT followed by a dose-titration phase of 8 injections for a total of 13 injections over 52 weeks (including the placebo phase). Injections were given at 4-week intervals. During the dose-titration phase of the study, the dose was titrated twice (every fourth injection), as needed, according to individual GH and IGF-1 levels. A total of 108 patients (51 males, 57 females) were enrolled in the initial placebo-controlled phase of the study. Half (54/108) of the patients had never been treated with a somatostatin analog or dopamine agonist, or had stopped treatment for at least 3 months prior to their participation in the study and were required to have a mean GH level greater than 5 ng/mL at their first visit. The other half of the patients had received prior treatment with a somatostatin analog or a dopamine agonist before study entry and at study entry were required to have a mean GH concentration greater than 3 ng/mL and at least a 100% increase in mean GH concentration after washout of medication. One hundred and seven (107) patients completed the placebo-controlled phase, 105 patients completed the fixed-dose phase, and 99 patients completed the dose-titration phase. Patients not completing withdrew due to adverse events (5) or lack of efficacy (4). In the double-blind phase of Study 1, a total of 52 (63%) of the 83 lanreotide-treated patients had a greater than 50% decrease in mean GH from baseline to Week 4, including 52%, 44%, and 90% of patients in the 60, 90, and 120 mg groups, respectively, compared to placebo (0%, 0/25). In the fixed-dose phase at Week 16, 72% of all 107 lanreotide-treated patients had a decrease from baseline in mean GH of greater than 50%, including 68% (23/34), 64% (23/36), and 84% (31/37) of patients in the 60, 90, and 120 mg lanreotide treatment groups, respectively. Efficacy achieved in the first 16 weeks was maintained for the duration of the study (see Table 4). Table 4: Overall Efficacy Results Based on GH and IGF-1 Levels by Treatment Phase in Study 1 Baseline Before Titration 1 Before Titration 2 Last Value AvailableLast Observation Carried Forward N=107 (16 weeks) N=107 (32 weeks) N=105 N=107 GH ≤5.0 ng/mL Number of Responders (%) 20 (19%) 72 (67%) 76 (72%) 74 (69%) ≤2.5 ng/mL Number of Responders (%) 0 (0%) 52 (49%) 59 (56%) 55 (51%) ≤1.0 ng/mL Number of Responders (%) 0 (0%) 15 (14%) 18 (17%) 17 (16%) Median GH ng/mL 10.27 2.53 2.20 2.43 GH Reduction Median % Reduction -- 75.5 78.2 75.5 IGF-1 NormalAge-adjusted Number of Responders (%) 9 (8%) 58 (54%) 57 (54%) 62 (58%) Median IGF-1 ng/mL 775.0 332.0n=105, 316.5n=102, 326.0 IGF-1 Reduction Median % Reduction -- 52.3 54.5 55.4 IGF-1 Normal + GH ≤2.5 ng/mL Number of Responders (%) 0 (0%) 41 (38%) 46 (44%) 44 (41%) Study 2 This was a 48-week, open-label, uncontrolled, multicenter study that enrolled patients who had an IGF-1 concentration 1.3 times or greater than the upper limit of the normal age-adjusted range. Patients receiving treatment with a somatostatin analog (other than SOMATULINE DEPOT) or a dopaminergic agonist had to attain this IGF-1 concentration after a washout period of up to 3 months. Patients were initially enrolled in a 4-month, fixed-dose phase where they received 4 deep subcutaneous injections of SOMATULINE DEPOT 90 mg, at 4-week intervals. Patients then entered a dose-titration phase where the dose of SOMATULINE DEPOT was adjusted based on GH and IGF-1 levels at the beginning of the dose-titration phase and, if necessary, again after another 4 injections. Patients titrated up to the maximum dose (120 mg) were not allowed to titrate down again. A total of 63 patients (38 males, 25 females) entered the fixed-dose phase of the trial and 57 patients completed 48 weeks of treatment. Six patients withdrew due to adverse reactions (3), other reasons (2), or lack of efficacy (1). After 48 weeks of treatment with SOMATULINE DEPOT at 4-week intervals, 43% (27/63) of the acromegalic patients in this study achieved normal age-adjusted IGF-1 concentrations. Mean IGF-1 concentrations after treatment completion were 1.3 ± 0.7 times the upper limit of normal compared to 2.5 ± 1.1 times the upper limit of normal at baseline. The reduction in IGF-1 concentrations over time correlated with a corresponding marked decrease in mean GH concentrations. The proportion of patients with mean GH concentrations less than 2.5 ng/mL increased significantly from 35% to 77% after the fixed-dose phase and 85% at the end of the study. At the end of treatment, 24/63 (38%) of patients had both normal IGF-1 concentrations and a GH concentration of less than or equal to 2.5 ng/mL (see Table 5) and 17/63 patients (27%) had both normal IGF-1 concentrations and a GH concentration of less than 1 ng/mL. Table 5: Overall Efficacy Results Based on GH and IGF-1 Levels by Treatment Phase in Study 2 Baseline Before Titration 1 (12 wks) Before Titration 2 (28 wks) Last Value Available Last Observation Carried Forward N=63 N=63 N=59 N=63 IGF-1 NormalAge-adjusted, Number of Responders (%) 0 (0%) 17 (27%) 22 (37%) 27 (43%) Median IGF-1 ng/mL 689.0 382.0 334.0 317.0 IGF-1 Reduction Median % Reduction -- 41.0 51.0 50.3 GH ≤5.0 ng/mL Number of Responders (%) 40 (64%) 59 (94%) 57 (97%) 62 (98%) ≤2.5 ng/mL Number of Responders (%) 21 (33%) 47 (75%) 47 (80%) 54 (86 %) ≤1.0 ng/mL Number of Responders (%) 8 (13%) 19 (30%) 18 (31%) 28 (44%) Median GH ng/Ml 3.71 1.65 1.48 1.13 GH Reduction Median % Reduction -- 63.2 66.7 78.6N= 62, IGF-1 normal + GH ≤2.5 ng/mL Number of Responders (%) 0 (0%) 14 (22%) 20 (34%) 24 (38%) Examination of age and gender subgroups did not identify differences in response to SOMATULINE DEPOT among these subgroups. The limited number of patients in the different racial subgroups did not raise any concerns regarding efficacy of SOMATULINE DEPOT in these subgroups. 14.2 Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors The efficacy of SOMATULINE DEPOT was established in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 204 patients with unresectable, well or moderately differentiated, metastatic or locally advanced, gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Patients were required to have non-functioning tumors without hormone-related symptoms. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive SOMATULINE DEPOT 120 mg (n=101) or placebo (n=103) every 4 weeks until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or a maximum of 96 weeks of treatment. Randomization was stratified by the presence or absence of prior therapy and by the presence or absence of disease progression within 6 months of enrollment. The major efficacy outcome measure was progression-free survival (PFS), defined as time to disease progression as assessed by central independent radiological review using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.0) or death. The median patient age was 63 years (range 30 to 92 years) and 95% were Caucasian. Disease progression was present in nine of 204 patients (4.4%) in the 6 months prior to enrollment and 29 patients (14%) received prior chemotherapy. Ninety-one patients (45%) had primary sites of disease in the pancreas, with the remainder originating in the midgut (35%), hindgut (7%), or unknown primary location (13%). The majority (69%) of the study population had grade 1 tumors. Baseline prognostic characteristics were similar between arms with one exception; there were 39% of patients in the SOMATULINE DEPOT arm and 27% of patients in the placebo arm who had hepatic involvement by tumor of greater than 25%. Patients on the SOMATULINE DEPOT arm had a statistically significant improvement in PFS compared to patients receiving placebo (see Table 6 and Figure 1). Table 6: Efficacy Results in Study 3 SOMATULINE DEPOT Placebo n=101 n=103 Number of Events (%) 32 (31.7%) 60 (58.3%) Median PFS (months)(95% CI) NENE = not reached at 22 months (NE, NE) 16.6 (11.2, 22.1) HR (95% CI) 0.47 (0.30, 0.73)Hazard Ratio is derived from a Cox stratified proportional hazards model Log-rank p-value <0.001 Figure 1: Kaplan-Meier Curves of Progression-Free Survival Figure 1 14.3 Carcinoid Syndrome Study 4 was a multicenter, randomized, 16-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 115 patients with histopathologically-confirmed neuroendocrine tumors and a history of carcinoid syndrome (flushing and/or diarrhea) who were treatment naïve or stable on another somatostatin analog and who were randomized 1:1 to receive SOMATULINE DEPOT 120 mg (n=59) or placebo (n=56) by deep subcutaneous injection every 4 weeks. Patients were instructed to self-administer a short-acting somatostatin analog (octreotide) as rescue medication as needed for symptom control. The use of rescue therapy and the severity and frequency of diarrhea and flushing symptoms were reported daily in electronic patient diaries. During the 16 week double-blind phase, the primary efficacy outcome measure was the percentage of days in which patients administered at least one injection of rescue medication for symptom control. Average daily frequencies of diarrhea and flushing events were assessed secondarily. The patient population had a mean age of 59 years (range 27 to 85 years), 58% were female and 77% were Caucasian. Patients in the SOMATULINE DEPOT arm experienced 15% fewer days on rescue medication compared to patients in the placebo arm (34% vs. 49% of days, respectively; p=0.02). The average daily frequencies of diarrhea and flushing events in patients treated with SOMATULINE DEPOT (and rescue medication) were numerically lower relative to patients treated with placebo (and rescue medication), but were not statistically significantly different via hierarchical testing.

Warnings And Cautions

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Cholelithiasis and Gallbladder Sludge: Gallstones may occur; consider periodic monitoring. (5.1) Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia: Glucose monitoring is recommended and antidiabetic treatment adjusted accordingly. (5.2, 7.1) Cardiovascular Abnormalities: Decrease in heart rate may occur. Use with caution in at-risk patients. (5.3) Thyroid Function Abnormalities: Decreases in thyroid function may occur; perform tests where clinically indicated. (5.4) 5.1 Cholelithiasis and Gallbladder Sludge SOMATULINE DEPOT may reduce gallbladder motility and lead to gallstone formation; therefore, patients may need to be monitored periodically [see Adverse Reactions (6.1), Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. 5.2 Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia Pharmacological studies in animals and humans show that lanreotide, like somatostatin and other somatostatin analogs, inhibits the secretion of insulin and glucagon. Hence, patients treated with SOMATULINE DEPOT may experience hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Blood glucose levels should be monitored when lanreotide treatment is initiated, or when the dose is altered, and antidiabetic treatment should be adjusted accordingly [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. 5.3 Cardiovascular Abnormalities The most common overall cardiac adverse reactions observed in three pooled SOMATULINE DEPOT cardiac studies in patients with acromegaly were sinus bradycardia (12/217, 5.5%), bradycardia (6/217, 2.8%), and hypertension (12/217, 5.5%) [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. In 81 patients with baseline heart rates of 60 beats per minute (bpm) or greater treated with SOMATULINE DEPOT in Study 3, the incidence of heart rate less than 60 bpm was 23% (19/81) as compared to 16% (15/94) of placebo treated patients; 10 patients (12%) had documented heart rates less than 60 bpm on more than one visit. The incidence of documented episodes of heart rate less than 50 bpm as well as the incidence of bradycardia reported as an adverse event was 1% in each treatment group. Initiate appropriate medical management in patients who develop symptomatic bradycardia. In patients without underlying cardiac disease, SOMATULINE DEPOT may lead to a decrease in heart rate without necessarily reaching the threshold of bradycardia. In patients suffering from cardiac disorders prior to SOMATULINE DEPOT treatment, sinus bradycardia may occur. Care should be taken when initiating treatment with SOMATULINE DEPOT in patients with bradycardia. 5.4 Thyroid Function Abnormalities Slight decreases in thyroid function have been seen during treatment with lanreotide in acromegalic patients, though clinical hypothyroidism is rare (less than 1%). Thyroid function tests are recommended where clinically indicated. 5.5 Monitoring: Laboratory Tests Acromegaly: Serum GH and IGF-1 levels are useful markers of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].

Adverse Reactions

Recent major changes

Indications and Usage, Carcinoid Syndrome (1.3) 09/2017 Dosage and Administration, Carcinoid Syndrome (2.2) 09/2017

Mechanism

Contraindications